Problematika Hadis dalam Tafsir Modern: Tipologi, Dilema Epistemologis, dan Rekonstruksi Metodologis

Abstract

Modern exegesis (tafsir) emerged as an epistemological response to the stagnation of Islamic thought and the advancement of Western science. However, this paradigm shift carries serious implications for the position of hadith as an interpreter of the Qur'an. Many modern exegetes face a dilemma when a hadith, historically authenticated through its chain of narrators (sanad), contradicts rationality, modern science, or gender equality. This article aims to map the typologies of modern exegetes' attitudes toward hadith, unwrap the emerging theoretical problems, and propose methodological solutions. Utilizing a qualitative-descriptive method with an epistemological approach, this study finds that the clash between classical texts and modern reason can be resolved through three models: rational-critical, contextual-substantive, and textual-moderate. This article concludes that the standardization of text criticism (naqd al-matn) based on Qur'anic conformity tests, historical-logical reasoning, and metaphorical interpretation is a crucial solution to keep hadith relevant in the contemporary era.